Managing Mobility Concerns in Alzheimer’s

Nearly 40% of people with dementia in Canada receiving home care experience falls at some point. While memory and cognitive decline are often the primary focus in the early stages of Alzheimer’s, as the disease progresses, individuals may face significant challenges with balance and stability.

Several factors contribute to mobility issues in the later stages of Alzheimer’s. One major factor is decreased visual acuity. Even if vision appears to be intact, dementia affects the brain's ability to process visual information. This can result in difficulties with color perception, object and face recognition, and depth perception. As a result, individuals may experience fear of moving around or getting lost.

Additionally, the loss of familiarity with locations and landmarks can make movement more hazardous, reducing the likelihood of independent movement. Alzheimer’s patients may also experience a decline in muscle strength and musculoskeletal function, further impairing their mobility. Certain medications used to manage Alzheimer’s symptoms can lead to dizziness, imbalance, fatigue, or sudden drops in blood pressure. Mental health issues, including depression or other mood disorders, are also prevalent in this population and can contribute to decreased motivation for physical activity.

Fortunately, there are several strategies to manage these mobility concerns effectively:

1. Promote Regular Movement: Encourage scheduled, supervised walks and daily activities around the house. Engaging in simple, enjoyable activities like gardening or cooking can also help maintain movement.
2. Utilize Assistive Devices: Simple tools such as walking canes or wheelchairs can provide valuable support.
3. Ensure a Safe Environment: Modify the home to reduce fall risks by removing obstacles, using brighter colors and contrasting colors to differentiate rooms, and improving lighting to allow easier perception of surrounding. Installing handrails, ramps, and securing carpets and rugs can further enhance safety and encourage active movement around the home.
4. Consider Mobility Aids: Devices like stairlifts, reclining chairs, and hoists can assist with movement and reduce the risk of injury, making transitions between seated and standing positions easier.